Eye Conditions
Conditions affecting the eyes
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28 Eye Conditions
Age-related cataracts
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Light hurts
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Light hurts
Cataracts are foggy areas on the lens, a little transparent disc inside your eye. These spots normally become larger over time, resulting in impaired, foggy vision and finally blindness. If you experience signs of cataracts, visit your optician (see the section on when to seek medical assistance).
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | hallucinations
Reduced eyesight | hallucinations
A frequent disorder that affects the centre region of your vision is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). People in their 50s and 60s are frequently the first to be affected. It does not cause total blindness, but it can make routine tasks challenging, such as reading. If you’re concerned about your vision, see an optician.
Blepharitis
Symptoms Include:
Pain | Redness | Crusty eyelashes | Itch
Pain | Redness | Crusty eyelashes | Itch
Blepharitis is a common condition in which the edges of the eyelids become inflamed (red and swollen). Blepharitis can affect people of all ages.
Related Conditions:
Eyelid problems
Cataracts in Babies
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Light hurts
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Light hurts
Children with cataracts develop in the first few years of life in a small percentage of instances.
Colour vision deficiency (colour blindness)
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight
Reduced eyesight
Colour vision deficit makes it difficult for people to recognise and distinguish between different colours. Although total colour blindness (the inability to see any colour) is extremely rare, it is commonly referred to as “colour blindness.
CMV Retinitis
Symptoms Include:
Floaters in the eye | Flashes in the eye | Blurred vision | Blind spot in vision | Loss of peripheral vision
Floaters in the eye | Flashes in the eye | Blurred vision | Blind spot in vision | Loss of peripheral vision
CMV Retinitis is a dangerous retinal infection that is common in persons with AIDS (Acquired Immunological Deficiency Syndrome) but can also affect people with other immune disorders.
Conjunctivitis
Symptoms Include:
Sticky eye | Redness | Discharge
Sticky eye | Redness | Discharge
The thin layer of tissue that covers the front of the eye is reddened and inflamed by conjunctivitis. It’s a rather frequent ailment. Conjunctivitis is commonly referred to as “red eye.” Conjunctivitis, including its causes, symptoms, and treatment, is discussed on this page.
Related Conditions:
Red eye
Crossed Eyes (Strabismus)
Symptoms Include:
Crossed Eyes
Crossed Eyes
When a person’s eyes are unable to align on the same spot at the same time, they appear to be misaligned or pointing in separate directions, which is known as strabismus.
Diabetic Macular Edema
Symptoms Include:
Blurred vision | Wavy vision | Changes viewing colours
Blurred vision | Wavy vision | Changes viewing colours
Fluid collection in the macula causes Diabetic Macular Oedema, or DME. Blurred vision is common in DME patients, and it can be severe.
Related Conditions:
Diabetic retinopathy
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight
Reduced eyesight
Diabetic retinopathy is a consequence of diabetes that affects the back of the eye due to excessive blood sugar levels (retina). If left misdiagnosed and untreated, it might result in blindness. Everyone with diabetes over the age of 12 is invited to an annual eye examination.
Related Conditions:
Ectropion
Symptoms Include:
Drooping eyelids | Red eye | Watering eye | Pain
Drooping eyelids | Red eye | Watering eye | Pain
Ectropion is a condition in which the lower eyelid droops and turns outwards away from the eye. It’s usually not serious, although it can be bothersome. If you think you have ectropion, you should see your doctor.
Related Conditions:
Eyelid problems
Exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
Symptoms Include:
Bulging eyes
Bulging eyes
Exophthalmos, often called proptosis, is a medical term for a projecting or bulging eyeball or eyeballs. Thyroid eye illness is the most common cause. If you discover that one or both of your eyes are bulging, see your doctor or an optometrist (optician).
Eye cancer
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Swelling | Discolouration
Reduced eyesight | Blurred vision | Swelling | Discolouration
The eyes can be affected by a variety of cancers. Eye cancer may go undetected for years and only be discovered during a routine eye exam. Other eye conditions can cause the symptoms listed, so it’s critical to get them checked as soon as possible.
Related Conditions:
Cancer
Eye injuries
Minor irritation or injury to the front of the eye does not generally require treatment and will go away within 24 hours. If you’re worried about your injuries or it hasn’t improved in 24 hours, see your optician or doctor. A more serious injury necessitates medical attention right away.
Eyelid problems
Eyelid issues are prevalent, but they are rarely significant. If you’re concerned, see your doctor. If you feel discomfort in or around your eye, or if you have any new, unexpected vision loss, contact a GP or GP out-of-hours service right away, or go to your nearest emergency department.
Eyelid Twitching
Symptoms Include:
Excessive blinking | Eye irritation | Fatigue | Anxiety | Stress | Light sensitivity
Excessive blinking | Eye irritation | Fatigue | Anxiety | Stress | Light sensitivity
On occasions, your eyelid simply twitches.
Floaters and flashes in the eyes
Symptoms Include:
Floaters
Floaters
Dots and lines (floaters) in the eyes, as well as flashes of light, are typical. Usually, they aren’t serious. They can afflict anyone, but they are more frequent in the elderly. Only in limited circumstances should you consult an optician about them.
Glaucoma
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | Pain | Red eye | Headache
Reduced eyesight | Pain | Red eye | Headache
Glaucoma is an eye condition that, if not diagnosed and treated early enough, can result in vision loss or reduction. It usually occurs when there is a build-up of pressure inside the eye, causing damage to the optic nerve. If you have any worries about your vision, see an optician or a doctor.
Related Conditions:
Red-eye | Uveitis
Herpes simplex eye infections
Symptoms Include:
Red-eye | Pain | Swelling | Light hurts
Red-eye | Pain | Swelling | Light hurts
Eye infections caused by Herpes simplex are a frequent and potentially dangerous condition. They are brought on by a virus. If you suspect you have the infection, seek medical attention immediately. If it isn’t addressed, your vision may be jeopardised.
Keratoconus
Symptoms Include:
Distorted vision | Glare | Ghost images
Distorted vision | Glare | Ghost images
When the normally spherical cornea in the front of the eye thins and becomes cone-shaped.
Lazy Eye
Symptoms Include:
Significant favouring of one eye | Poor depth perception | Poor vision in one eye
Significant favouring of one eye | Poor depth perception | Poor vision in one eye
Amblyopia, often known as lazy eye, is a condition in which a child’s eye does not receive enough use during early life, resulting in poor eyesight.
Low Vision
Symptoms Include:
Loss of central vision | Night blindness | Loss of peripheral vision | Blurred vision
Hazy vision
Loss of central vision | Night blindness | Loss of peripheral vision | Blurred vision
Hazy vision
Low vision is defined as the inability to see clearly via conventional glasses or contact lenses.
Macular hole
Symptoms Include:
Blurred vision | Reduced eyesight
Blurred vision | Reduced eyesight
A macular hole is a small opening in the macula, which is located in the centre of the retina (rear of the eye). Consult a GP or optician as soon as possible if you experience blurred or distorted vision or a black area in the centre of your vision.
Ocular Hypertension
Ocular hypertension is a condition in which the pressure in the eye rises over the usual range.
Retinal detachment
Symptoms Include:
Floaters | Blurred vision | Reduced eyesight
Floaters | Blurred vision | Reduced eyesight
When the thin sensory lining of your eye (the retina) begins to tear away from the rear of the eye, this is known as retinal detachment. It has the potential to make the affected eye blind. If you experience sudden visual issues, you should consult a doctor immediately.
Retinal migraine
Symptoms Include:
Reduced eyesight | Headache | Flashes | Blurred vision
Reduced eyesight | Headache | Flashes | Blurred vision
Ocular migraine (retinal migraine) is a type of migraine that affects the eyes. It causes temporary blindness or vision impairments in one eye, such as flashing lights. These assaults can be alarming, but they’re usually harmless and only last a few minutes. What to do if your eyesight suddenly deteriorates can be found in the medical guidance section.
Retinoblastoma (eye cancer in children)
Symptoms Include:
White pupil | Squint | Reduced eyesight | Red eye
White pupil | Squint | Reduced eyesight | Red eye
Retinoblastoma is a rare type of eye cancer that can affect young children (usually under five years of age). If it’s picked up early, retinoblastoma can often be successfully treated (children treated for retinoblastoma diagnosed at an early stage have a survival rate of more than 95 per cent).
Squint
Symptoms Include:
Squint | Double vision | Reduced eyesight
Squint | Double vision | Reduced eyesight
A squint (strabismus) is a condition in which the eyes point in opposite directions. It can affect anyone at any age, but it is more common in children under the age of five. While one eye is turned in, out, up, or down, the other is seeing ahead. If your child has a squint, seek medical help.
Uveitis
Symptoms Include:
Pain | Reduced eyesight | Red eye | Light hurts
Pain | Reduced eyesight | Red eye | Light hurts
Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea or uveal tract, the central layer of the eye. It might result in eye pain and vision problems. If you have persistent eye pain or an unusual change in your vision, see your doctor right once, especially if you’ve had uveitis before.
Related Conditions:
Red eye | Glaucoma
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